INTERNATIONAL BORDERS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Abstract
International border shave become a complex issue in the global system with economic, social, and security implications, capable of diminishing a nation’s effort towards development. The main reason given for these concerns is the porosity of the borders. Previous research has primarily focused on the arbitrary nature of African borders and thus has been unable to extricate gaps between border porosity from emerging trends in border management- a potentially vital instrument considering the intensification of border-related matters globally. Borders and sustainable development are interdependent. The study adopts the survey research design; 250 questionnaires were administered to respondents in border communities’ of Katsina and Zamfara States, where Nigeria shares a border with the Republic of Niger and Chad. Espousing the securitisation and political realism theory, it examined how challenges emanating from Nigeria's international borders have impacted the achievement of Goal 1 (Poverty) and Goal 4 (Quality Education) of the sustainable development goals. Contrary to what has been often assumed, border porosity is a consequence and not a cause of border security in Nigeria, as it is the nature of borders to be porous. The findings revealed that the government's neglect of securing its borders through a comprehensive strategy, upgrading its border management practices, and equipping its border posts has undermined sustainable development in border communities in Nigeria. The study recommends that Nigeria's border management system be redesigned to meet global standards.
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