COMMUNAL CONFLICT AND FOOD SECURITY IN KHANA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, RIVERS STATE
Abstract
This study looked at how racial tensions in Khana LGA affected people's access to food. The goal of the study was to determine the kind of communal violence that occurs in Khana LGA, what causes it, and how much of an influence it has on food security. The Maslow theory of human wants and the frustration/aggression hypothesis served as the study's theoretical foundation. A descriptive research survey methodology was used in the investigation. The sampling method developed by Krejcie and Morgan (1970) resulted in a sample size of 382. Data were collected using a 5-point Likert scale structured questionnaire, and they were analysed in IBM SPSS version 20 statistical software using weighted means, percentages, and frequency distributions. The study's conclusions demonstrated that the type of communal violence in Khana LGA had a significant impact on food security. More specifically, the unequal allocation of community resources was a major cause of intercommunal conflict in Khana LGA. Finally, because it affected farming and food production, communal violence had a significant impact on food security. Governments should adopt long-term initiatives to lessen or end intercommunal conflict, according to the researchers' recommendations.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alimba, C. N. (2014). Probing the Dynamics of Communal Conflict in Northern Nigeria. Ethiopia: African Research Review.
Beauchamp, Z. (2014). Rwanda’s Genocide- what happened, why it happened and how it happened and how it still matters. Retrieved from http://www.vox.com accessed on 20th May, 2021.
Brosché, J. (2015). Causes of Communal Conflicts – Government Bias, Elites, and Conditions for Cooperation. Development Dissertation Brief 2015:06. Expertgruppenför Biståndsanalys(EBA).
Burton, J.(1979). Deviance, Terrorism, and War: The Process of Solving Unsolved Social and Political Problems. Oxford: Martin Robertson.
Dollard, J; Miller, N. E; Doob, L. E; Mowrer, O. H; Sear, R.R. (1939). Frustration and Aggression. New Haven, CT, US; Yale University Press.
Dzurgba, A. (2006). Prevention and Management of Conflict in Honour of Prof. Segun Odunuga. Ibadan: Loud Books Publishers.
FAO (2007). National Programme for Food Security: FAO’s union of a world without hunger– Rome: Food and Agricultural Organization.
Hazen, J. M., & Horner, J. (2007). Small arms, armed violence, and insecurity in Nigeria: The Niger Delta in perspective. Geneva: Small Arms Survey.
Hendrix C. S. and Sahelyan, I. (2010). Climate change, Rainfall Triggers and social conflict in Africa, Working paper: University of North Texas.
Hoddinott, J. (2001). Methods for rural development projects: food security in practice. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Food security in practice technical guide series.
Horowitz, D. L. (2002). The deadly ethnic riot. Berkeley, University of California Press.
Johnson, R. (2009). Food security: The Role of Agricultural Trade, International Food/Agric Trade Policy Council Discussion Paper 2009.
Kahl, C. (2006). State, Scarcity and Civil strife in Developing World, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Krejcie, R.V., & Morgan, D.W., (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement.
Maxwell, S. and Frankenberger, T.R. (1992). Household Food Security: Concepts, Indicators, Measurements. New York and Rome: UNICEF and International Fund for Agricultural Development.
McHarry, J., Scott, F. andGreen, J. (2002). Towards global food security: Fighting against hunger. Social Briefing no. 4. Towards Earth Summit 2002. UNEP, UN Foundation Stakeholder Forum, pp 19.
Messer. E., Cohen. M.J. and Marchione T, (2004) Conflict: A cause and Effect of hunger, In Env. Change and Security Program Report No.7, ed, G.D Dabelko, Washington D.C. Woodrow: Wilson Centre, pp: 1-20.
NPC (2017), Nigeria’s Current Estimated Population. https://www.population.gov.ng.
O’Grada, C. (2009). Famine, A short history, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Oboh, V.U. and Hyande, A. (2006). “Impact of Communal Conflicts on Agricultural Production in Oye Community of Oju LGA in Benue State”. In Gyuse, T.T. and
Ajene, O. (eds) Conflicts in the Benue Valley. Makurdi: Benue State University Press.
Oludare, O.M., Paul, O.E. and Micheal, O.C. (2015). “Economic and Natural Resources as the Major Cause of Conflicts in Nigeria: Nature, Trends and Implications”. In Khalid,
S.; Abdullahi, H.; Dankani, I. M.; Baba, Y. T.; and Abdulkadir, U. (eds) Security, National Integration and Challenges of Development in Nigeria. Sokoto: A Publication of the Faculty of Social Sciences, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, Sokoto.
Omah, E. (2013). “Mechanisms of Conflict Transformation: The Nexus between Conflict, Security and Development in Albert, I.O and Eselebor, W.(eds) Managing Security in a Globalised World. Society for peace Studies and Practise.
Osinubi, T.S. and Osinubi, O.S. (2006). Ethnic Conflict in Contemporary Africa: The Nigerian Experience; Journal of Social Science, Kam-Raj 12(2) 101- 114.
Pottier, J. (1999). Anthropology of Food: The Social Dynamics of Food Security. Cambridge: Polity Press. 1-22.
Raleigh, C. and Kniveton, J. (2010). Chronic Communal Conflict and Environmental Pressure. Apaper presented at the Climate Change and Security Conference Trondheim, Norway 27-24 June 2010.
Robertson, R. E, (1990). The Right to Food: Canada’s Broken Covenant. Canadian Human Rights Yearbook. Pp 30.
Sen A. (1981). Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Sen, A., &Drèze, J. (1989). Hunger and Public Action. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Tadjoeddin, M. Z. (2002). Anatomy of Social Violence in the Context of transition: The case of indonens 1990 -2001: Politics, Administration and Change, 38 (Jul-Dec).
United Nations (1993). World Economic Survey, New-York: United Nations.
Varshney, A. (2002). Ethnic Conflict and Civic life: Hindus and Muslims in India: New Haven:Yale University Press.
Wilmot, W.W and Hocker, J. (2011). Inter-personal Conflict. New York: McGraw-Hill.
World Bank (1988).Human development report. Washington DC: World Bank Publication.
World Bank (2001). Report on Violent Conflict, New-York: World Bank.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Sorbari Joyce Philip-Kpae, Charles C. Mezie-Okoye (PhD)
ISSN (PRINT): 2682 - 6135
ISSN (ONLINE): 2682 - 6127
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.